All careersEducation, law & social work

Substitute Teacher

$38,470
median pay per year
full range coming in the next data update

What the job actually is

Step in for absent teachers, follow their lesson plans, and keep a class on track for a day or longer.

Where you work

Public and private schools, all grades

The hours

On-call daytime work, day by day

By the numbers

May 2024–25 BLS wage data · 2024–34 BLS employment projections.

Median pay
$38,470
per year
What most earn
range coming soon
Openings a year
~61,100
projected, 2024–34
Outlook to 2034
+2%
About average
Working in the U.S.
510,100
people, nationwide

Openings a year counts new jobs plus the ones that open when people retire or move on — a truer picture of your odds than growth alone.

“Median” means half earn more and half earn less. Your city, employer, and years on the job move it a lot — that is what the 10th-to-90th range shows.

How you get in

Typical starting education

Bachelor's degree

Training path: Bachelor's degree, permit varies.

License or certification

Most states require a substitute teaching permit or license.

What it takes

AdaptabilityClassroom managementCommunicationQuick thinking

The honest take

Flexible, on-call work good for a foot in the classroom door, but income is irregular and rarely full-time.

Standard Occupational Classification 25-3031. Pay, employment, and outlook from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (OEWS wage survey and 2024–34 employment projections). See something off? Tell us.