All careersEngineering & science

Chemist

$91,240
median / year
$58,460 – $160,830
what most earn per year (10th–90th percentile)

What the job actually is

Study substances at the molecular level to develop products, run tests, and solve problems.

You may also see this posted as: Analytical Chemist, Research Chemist, Scientist, Air Quality Chemist, Chemical Lab Scientist (Chemical Laboratory Scientist), Forensic Chemist.

Where you work

Labs and offices; bench work with instruments and safety gear.

The hours

Usually full-time; regular hours, some longer around experiments.

The day to day

What you'd actually spend time doing

  • Develop, improve, or customize products, equipment, formulas, processes, or analytical methods.
  • Analyze organic or inorganic compounds to determine chemical or physical properties, composition, structure, relationships, or reactions, using chromatography, spectroscopy, or spectrophotometry techniques.
  • Induce changes in composition of substances by introducing heat, light, energy, or chemical catalysts for quantitative or qualitative analysis.
  • Conduct quality control tests.
  • Write technical papers or reports or prepare standards and specifications for processes, facilities, products, or tests.

Good fit if you like…

Investigative

solving problems, analyzing evidence, and figuring out how things work

Realistic

working with tools, equipment, materials, or the physical world

Conventional

organizing information, following systems, and getting details right

O*NET job zone 4 of 5

High preparation—usually a four-year degree plus experience—is common.

Work styles that matter most

Intellectual CuriosityAttention to DetailDependabilityInnovation

Software that shows up in the work

Examples employers report—not a checklist you must already know.

Microsoft ExcelMicrosoft Office softwareMicrosoft PowerPointCC++Extensible markup language XML

By the numbers

May 2025 BLS wage & employment data · 2024–34 BLS employment projections.

Median pay
$91,240
per year
Hourly median
$43.87
per hour
What most earn
$58,460–$160,830
yearly, 10th to 90th percentile
Openings a year
~6,300
projected, 2024–34
Outlook to 2034
+4.9%
About average
Working in the U.S.
82,770
people, nationwide

Openings a year counts new jobs plus the ones that open when people retire or move on — a truer picture of your odds than growth alone.

“Median” means half earn more and half earn less. Your city, employer, and years on the job move it a lot — that is what the 10th-to-90th range shows.

BLS estimates 1% of workers in this occupation are self-employed.

What it pays in your state

Statewide medians are a better starting point than the national number. Your city and experience still matter.

BLS state wage tables

How you get in

Typical starting education

Bachelor's degree

Training path: Chemistry degree.

Related work experience: None.

On-the-job training: None.

License or certification

No license required; advanced degrees open research roles.

Check the path where you live

Licensing rules and available programs change by state. These federal tools take you to the current official listings.

What it takes

Analytical thinkingAttention to detailProblem solvingMath skills

The honest take

Pharma and materials pay best; a master's moves you up fast.

Standard Occupational Classification 19-2031. Pay and employment from the BLS May 2025 OEWS survey; outlook and openings from the 2024–34 employment projections; job context from the Occupational Outlook Handbook; tasks, interests, work styles, software examples, and job zone from O*NET 30.3. See something off? Tell us.