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CNC Tool Programmer

$68,120
median / year
$47,530 – $100,320
what most earn per year (10th–90th percentile)

What the job actually is

Translate part designs into CNC instructions, choose cutting steps, and test programs for accuracy and efficiency.

You may also see this posted as: CNC Machinist (Computer Numerical Control Machinist), CNC Operator (Computer Numerical Control Operator), CNC Programmer (Computer Numerical Control Programmer), Programmer, CAD Programmer (Computer-Aided Design Programmer), CAM Programmer (Computer-Aided Manufacturing Programmer).

Where you work

Machine shops and manufacturing plants.

The hours

Usually full-time; shift work may occur.

The day to day

What you'd actually spend time doing

  • Determine the sequence of machine operations, and select the proper cutting tools needed to machine workpieces into the desired shapes.
  • Analyze job orders, drawings, blueprints, specifications, printed circuit board pattern films, and design data to calculate dimensions, tool selection, machine speeds, and feed rates.
  • Observe machines on trial runs or conduct computer simulations to ensure that programs and machinery will function properly and produce items that meet specifications.
  • Write programs in the language of a machine's controller and store programs on media, such as punch tapes, magnetic tapes, or disks.
  • Determine reference points, machine cutting paths, or hole locations, and compute angular and linear dimensions, radii, and curvatures.

Good fit if you like…

Conventional

organizing information, following systems, and getting details right

Realistic

working with tools, equipment, materials, or the physical world

Investigative

solving problems, analyzing evidence, and figuring out how things work

O*NET job zone 2 of 5

Some preparation—often a high school credential and on-the-job learning—is usually needed.

Work styles that matter most

Attention to DetailDependabilityCautiousnessIntellectual Curiosity

Software that shows up in the work

Examples employers report—not a checklist you must already know.

Autodesk AutoCADAutodesk Fusion 360Dassault Systemes SolidWorksG-codeMastercam computer-aided design and manufacturing softwareMicrosoft Office software

By the numbers

May 2025 BLS wage & employment data · 2024–34 BLS employment projections.

Median pay
$68,120
per year
Hourly median
$32.75
per hour
What most earn
$47,530–$100,320
yearly, 10th to 90th percentile
Openings a year
~3,100
projected, 2024–34
Outlook to 2034
+12.8%
Much faster than average
Working in the U.S.
28,500
people, nationwide

Openings a year counts new jobs plus the ones that open when people retire or move on — a truer picture of your odds than growth alone.

“Median” means half earn more and half earn less. Your city, employer, and years on the job move it a lot — that is what the 10th-to-90th range shows.

What it pays in your state

Statewide medians are a better starting point than the national number. Your city and experience still matter.

BLS state wage tables

How you get in

Typical starting education

Certificate program

Training path: Certificate plus paid shop training or apprenticeship.

Related work experience: None.

On-the-job training: Moderate-term on-the-job training.

License or certification

No license required to start in most places.

You can earn while you train. This field has a genuinely paid pathway in — an apprenticeship, a paid academy, or employer-funded training — so you draw a paycheck instead of taking on debt to learn it.

Check the path where you live

Licensing rules and available programs change by state. These federal tools take you to the current official listings.

What it takes

CNC programmingCAD/CAMMachiningPrecision

The honest take

Writes and tests the instructions that tell computer-controlled machines how to cut precise parts.

Standard Occupational Classification 51-9162. Pay and employment from the BLS May 2025 OEWS survey; outlook and openings from the 2024–34 employment projections; job context from the Occupational Outlook Handbook; tasks, interests, work styles, software examples, and job zone from O*NET 30.3. See something off? Tell us.