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Farmer / Rancher

$89,900
median / year
$54,320 – $160,020
what most earn per year (10th–90th percentile)

What the job actually is

Run a farm or ranch, planning crops or livestock, managing budgets, and overseeing the work.

You may also see this posted as: Aquaculture Director, Farm Manager, Greenhouse Manager, Ranch Manager, Farm Operations Technical Director, Fish Hatchery Manager.

Where you work

Farms, ranches, and open land.

The hours

Long days that shift with the seasons

The day to day

What you'd actually spend time doing

  • Collect and record growth, production, and environmental data.
  • Manage nurseries that grow horticultural plants for sale to trade or retail customers, for display or exhibition, or for research.
  • Direct and monitor trapping and spawning of fish, egg incubation, and fry rearing, applying knowledge of management and fish culturing techniques.
  • Direct and monitor the transfer of mature fish to lakes, ponds, streams, or commercial tanks.
  • Determine how to allocate resources and to respond to unanticipated problems, such as insect infestation, drought, and fire.

Good fit if you like…

Enterprising

leading, persuading, selling, or turning an idea into action

Realistic

working with tools, equipment, materials, or the physical world

Conventional

organizing information, following systems, and getting details right

O*NET job zone 4 of 5

High preparation—usually a four-year degree plus experience—is common.

Work styles that matter most

Leadership OrientationDependabilityPerseveranceAttention to Detail

Software that shows up in the work

Examples employers report—not a checklist you must already know.

Microsoft ExcelMicrosoft Office softwareAdobe PhotoshopAtlassian ConfluenceFacebookMicrosoft Access

By the numbers

May 2025 BLS wage & employment data · 2024–34 BLS employment projections.

Median pay
$89,900
per year
Hourly median
$43.22
per hour
What most earn
$54,320–$160,020
yearly, 10th to 90th percentile
Openings a year
~85,500
projected, 2024–34
Outlook to 2034
-1.3%
Declining
Working in the U.S.
6,500
people, nationwide

Openings a year counts new jobs plus the ones that open when people retire or move on — a truer picture of your odds than growth alone.

“Median” means half earn more and half earn less. Your city, employer, and years on the job move it a lot — that is what the 10th-to-90th range shows.

BLS estimates 62.6% of workers in this occupation are self-employed.

What it pays in your state

Statewide medians are a better starting point than the national number. Your city and experience still matter.

BLS state wage tables

How you get in

Typical starting education

High school / no degree

Training path: On-the-job experience.

Related work experience: 5 years or more.

On-the-job training: None.

License or certification

No license required to start in most places.

Check the path where you live

Licensing rules and available programs change by state. These federal tools take you to the current official listings.

What it takes

Crop and livestock knowledgeBusiness managementEquipment operationProblem solving

The honest take

Median pay looks strong, but income swings hard with weather, prices, and land costs.

Standard Occupational Classification 11-9013. Pay and employment from the BLS May 2025 OEWS survey; outlook and openings from the 2024–34 employment projections; job context from the Occupational Outlook Handbook; tasks, interests, work styles, software examples, and job zone from O*NET 30.3. See something off? Tell us.