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Locomotive Engineer

$81,410
median / year
$60,680 – $109,220
what most earn per year (10th–90th percentile)

What the job actually is

Operate freight and passenger trains, controlling speed and braking while watching signals and track conditions.

You may also see this posted as: Passenger Locomotive Engineer, Railroad Engineer, Transportation Specialist, Through Freight Engineer, Train Engineer, Trainmaster.

Where you work

Trains and rail yards

The hours

Irregular shifts, nights, on-call

The day to day

What you'd actually spend time doing

  • Interpret train orders, signals, or railroad rules and regulations that govern the operation of locomotives.
  • Confer with conductors or traffic control center personnel via radiophones to issue or receive information concerning stops, delays, or oncoming trains.
  • Receive starting signals from conductors and use controls such as throttles or air brakes to drive electric, diesel-electric, steam, or gas turbine-electric locomotives.
  • Monitor gauges or meters that measure speed, amperage, battery charge, or air pressure in brake lines or in main reservoirs.
  • Observe tracks to detect obstructions.

Good fit if you like…

Realistic

working with tools, equipment, materials, or the physical world

Conventional

organizing information, following systems, and getting details right

Investigative

solving problems, analyzing evidence, and figuring out how things work

O*NET job zone 2 of 5

Some preparation—often a high school credential and on-the-job learning—is usually needed.

Work styles that matter most

DependabilityCautiousnessAttention to DetailStress Tolerance

Software that shows up in the work

Examples employers report—not a checklist you must already know.

Microsoft ExcelMicrosoft WordElectronic train management systems ETMSRoute mapping softwareTime tracking software

By the numbers

May 2025 BLS wage & employment data · 2024–34 BLS employment projections.

Median pay
$81,410
per year
Hourly median
$39.14
per hour
What most earn
$60,680–$109,220
yearly, 10th to 90th percentile
Openings a year
~2,200
projected, 2024–34
Outlook to 2034
+0.7%
Little change
Working in the U.S.
33,470
people, nationwide

Openings a year counts new jobs plus the ones that open when people retire or move on — a truer picture of your odds than growth alone.

“Median” means half earn more and half earn less. Your city, employer, and years on the job move it a lot — that is what the 10th-to-90th range shows.

What it pays in your state

Statewide medians are a better starting point than the national number. Your city and experience still matter.

BLS state wage tables

How you get in

Typical starting education

High school / no degree

Training path: On-the-job training plus certification.

Related work experience: Less than 5 years.

On-the-job training: Moderate-term on-the-job training.

License or certification

Federal Railroad Administration certification is required.

You can earn while you train. This field has a genuinely paid pathway in — an apprenticeship, a paid academy, or employer-funded training — so you draw a paycheck instead of taking on debt to learn it.

Check the path where you live

Licensing rules and available programs change by state. These federal tools take you to the current official listings.

What it takes

FocusSignal readingMechanical senseSafety

The honest take

Runs the train and earns well for it — you start on the ground as a conductor before reaching the controls.

Standard Occupational Classification 53-4011. Pay and employment from the BLS May 2025 OEWS survey; outlook and openings from the 2024–34 employment projections; job context from the Occupational Outlook Handbook; tasks, interests, work styles, software examples, and job zone from O*NET 30.3. See something off? Tell us.