All careersPublic service

Private Detective / Investigator

$51,220
median / year
$36,740 – $97,630
what most earn per year (10th–90th percentile)

What the job actually is

Gather facts and evidence for clients through research, surveillance, and interviews.

You may also see this posted as: Investigator, Loss Prevention Detective, Loss Prevention Officer, Private Investigator, Asset Protection Detective, Field Investigator.

Where you work

Offices, field locations, and out on surveillance.

The hours

Irregular, including nights and weekends

The day to day

What you'd actually spend time doing

  • Write reports or case summaries to document investigations.
  • Conduct private investigations on a paid basis.
  • Search computer databases, credit reports, public records, tax or legal filings, or other resources to locate persons or to compile information for investigations.
  • Conduct personal background investigations, such as pre-employment checks, to obtain information about an individual's character, financial status, or personal history.
  • Expose fraudulent insurance claims or stolen funds.

Good fit if you like…

Conventional

organizing information, following systems, and getting details right

Enterprising

leading, persuading, selling, or turning an idea into action

Investigative

solving problems, analyzing evidence, and figuring out how things work

O*NET job zone 3 of 5

Medium preparation—often vocational training, an associate degree, or substantial experience—is usually needed.

Work styles that matter most

IntegrityDependabilityAttention to DetailSelf-Control

Software that shows up in the work

Examples employers report—not a checklist you must already know.

Microsoft ExcelMicrosoft Office softwareMicrosoft WordFacebookMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Outlook

By the numbers

May 2025 BLS wage & employment data · 2024–34 BLS employment projections.

Median pay
$51,220
per year
Hourly median
$24.62
per hour
What most earn
$36,740–$97,630
yearly, 10th to 90th percentile
Openings a year
~3,900
projected, 2024–34
Outlook to 2034
+6%
Faster than average
Working in the U.S.
35,580
people, nationwide

Openings a year counts new jobs plus the ones that open when people retire or move on — a truer picture of your odds than growth alone.

“Median” means half earn more and half earn less. Your city, employer, and years on the job move it a lot — that is what the 10th-to-90th range shows.

BLS estimates 10.8% of workers in this occupation are self-employed.

What it pays in your state

Statewide medians are a better starting point than the national number. Your city and experience still matter.

BLS state wage tables

How you get in

Typical starting education

High school / no degree

Training path: On-the-job training, paid.

Related work experience: Less than 5 years.

On-the-job training: Moderate-term on-the-job training.

License or certification

Most states require a private investigator license, often with experience and an exam.

You can earn while you train. This field has a genuinely paid pathway in — an apprenticeship, a paid academy, or employer-funded training — so you draw a paycheck instead of taking on debt to learn it.

Check the path where you live

Licensing rules and available programs change by state. These federal tools take you to the current official listings.

What it takes

SurveillanceResearchInterviewingReport writing

The honest take

Flexible investigative work you can enter from high school, often after a law enforcement career.

Standard Occupational Classification 33-9021. Pay and employment from the BLS May 2025 OEWS survey; outlook and openings from the 2024–34 employment projections; job context from the Occupational Outlook Handbook; tasks, interests, work styles, software examples, and job zone from O*NET 30.3. See something off? Tell us.